Виды общения

 

Vocabulary

to show a great concern for - придавать большое значение

education - образование

the right to education - право на образование

to be stated - отмечаться, констатироваться

to be ensured by smth. - обеспечиваться чем-либо

compulsory - обязательный

a secondary school - средняя школа

a vocational school - училище

a higher education establishment - высшее учебное заведение

an extra-mural course - заочное обучение

an evening course - вечернее обучение

state scholarships and grants - государственные стипендии

inclusive - включительно

a stage - этап

compulsory schooling - обязательное школьное обучение

primary education - начальное образование

Secondary education - среднее образование

intermediate school - средние классы

senior school - старшие классы

to go on in higher education - продолжать образование в вузе

a core curriculum - основная программа

an academic subject - академический предмет

a lyceum - лицей

a gymnasium - гимназия

to give a profound knowledge - давать углубленные знания

an applicant - абитуриент

to take competitive examinations - сдавать конкурсные экзамены

a higher education institution - вуз

an undergraduate - студент

a graduate course - аспирантура

a thesis - диссертация

a candidate degree - степень кандидата наук

to be headed by Rector - возглавляться ректором

a specialized council - специализированный совет

to confer a degree - присваивать степень

to go through a transitional period - находиться в переходном периоде

an objective - цель

to decentralize smth. - уничтожить централизацию в чем- либо

to be funded by the state - финансироваться государством

a fee-paying school - платная школа

 

ЗАДАНИЯ  К  ТЕКСТУ:

 

1. Прочтите текст, пользуясь приведенным  выше словарем. Изложите кратко основное содержание текста на английском языке.

 

2. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the right to education in Russia ensured by? 2. What are the stages of compulsory schooling in Russia? 3. What programmes of study do different types of school in Russia offer? 4. What is a vocational school? 5. What is necessary for entering a higher education establishment? 6. What degrees can one get at a higher education establishment? 7. What is the structure of an institute or a university? 8. How can you prove that education in Russia is going through a transitional period?

 

 

 

Итоговый  тест  за  1-й  семестр

 

1. В каком из следующих слов  звук, передаваемый “i”, отличается от остальных?

1) six, 2) five, 3) right, 4) write, 5) I'm, 6) bite, 7) mine.

 

2. Выберите правильный глагол:

1) Не... he wanted to post a letter.

a) said  b) told

2) Will you ... her to come at 6 p.m.?

a) say    b) tell

 

3) She ... to him: “Please, open the window”.

a) said  b) told

4) Who... you that?

a) said  b) told

 

3. Выберите правильный вспомогательный глагол:

1) We... visit our relatives on Saturday.

a) shall  b) should  c) will  d) would

2) The doctor said he... be all right soon.

a) shall  b) should  c) will  d) would

3) I'm sure you ... like her.

a) shall  b) should  c) will  d) would

4) We hoped we ... return by the end of the month.

a) shall  b) should  c) will  d) would

 

4. Выберите правильную форму  глагола:

1) We thought you ... it.

a) know  b) knew

2) They said the guests ....

a) arrived b) had arrived

3) The telegram said they ... on Monday.

a) -will come b) would come

4) He asked what institute I... going to enter.

a) am  b) is  c) was

5) I looked out and saw that it....

a) is raining  b) was raining c) will be raining

 

5. Выберите правильный вариант перевода:

1) She said she lived in Pushkin street.

a) Она сказала, что живет на улице Пушкина.

b) Она сказала, что жила на улице Пушкина.

 

2) I thought it was warmer outside.

a) Я думала, что на улице теплее.

b) Я думала, что на улице было теплее.

3) I know you learnt French at school.

a) Я знаю, что ты изучаешь французский в школе.

b) Я знаю, что ты изучал французский в школе.

4) Mother said she received letters from her son every week.

a) Мама сказала, что получает письма от сына каждую неделю.

b) Мама сказала, что получала письма от сына каждую неделю.

 

6. Соотнесите две части предложения:

1) I told him...

2) We asked...

3) She wanted to know...

1) ... if they enjoyed the concert.

2) ... he would find my house easily.

3) ... who would meet her at the station.

 

7. Укажите, в каком  предложении глагол стоит в  “Future-in-the-Past”:

1) a) You should consult a doctor.

b) Mother says I should ring him up.

c) I knew I should finish it on time.

2) a) I would like an ice-cream.

b) Who would think about it?

c)  She promised she would come on time.

 

8. Выберите правильную форму глагола:

1) We hoped that the weather... fine.

a) will be  b) was  c) would be

2) I didn't know that it....

a) is raining  b) was raining c) will be raining

 

3) She said her friend... English fluently.

a) speaks  b) spoke  c) is speaking

4) They told us that they... to a new flat.

a) move  b) moved  c) had moved

 

9. Завершите предложения:

1) She said she was writing the latter....

a) at that time  b) by that time

2) He said he was busy....

a) now   b) at the moment

3) He said he would return the book....

a) tomorrow  b) the next day

4) She told me she had seen me at the theatre ....

a) yesterday  b) the day before

 

10. Выберите правильную форму глагола:

1) The teacher said our examination ... next Monday.

a) would be  b) had been

2) When I came home the family ... their supper.

a) would have b) had had

3) They wrote they ... my letter.

a) would receive b) had received

 

11. Выберите правильный вспомогательный  глагол:

1) If I knew English well, I... take this job.

a) shall b) will c) should

2) If he were rich he... buy a car.

a) shall b) will c) would

3) If she asked me I... help her.

a) shall b) will c) should

 

 

12. Выберите правильную форму глагола:

1) If I... her better I should turn to her for help.

a) know b) knew c) will know

2) If the weather... fine you would not stay at home.

a) is  b) was c) were

3) If she ... him she would be happy.

a) marries b) married c) will marry

 

13. Укажите правильный вариант перевода:

1) If I meet her today I shall give her your book.

a) Если я встречу ее сегодня, я отдам ей твою книгу.

b) Если бы я встретила ее сегодня, я бы отдала ей твою книгу.

2) If she had money she would buy this dress.

a) Если у нее есть деньги, она купит это платье.

b) Если бы у нее были деньги, она бы купила это платье.

3) If you knew English you would be able to help us.

a) Если ты знаешь английский, ты сможешь нам помочь.

b) Если бы ты знал английский, ты смог бы нам помочь.

 

14. Выберите правильную форму глагола:

1) If I... you I shouldn't do it.

a) were b) had been

2) If they ... a taxi they wouldn't have missed the train.

a) took b) had taken

3) If you ... my advice you would have bought it.

a) followed b) had followed

 

15. Правильно соедините придаточные  предложения с главными:

1.

a) If the weather is fine ...

b) If the weather was fine ...

c) If the weather were fine ...

d) If the weather had been fine ...

a) ... they spent the day outside.

b) ... we should go to the country.

c) ... we shall have a good time.

d) ... we shouldn't have stayed at home.

2.

a) If you write a letter ...

b) If you wrote a letter ...

c) If you had written the letter ...

a) ... they would have receive it by now.

b) ... they would receive it soon.

c) ... tell them the news.

 

16. Переставьте буквы в таком порядке, чтобы получились слова:

1) s o l o c h   2) r e a c h e t

17. Укажите, какое слово не имеет  отношения к остальным:

а) 1) happy, 2) lucky, 3) ready, 4) easy, 5) busy, 6) city, 7) pretty, 8) rainy, 9) snowy, 10) lazy.

b) 1) beautiful, 2) attractive, 3) good, 4) clever, 5) nice, 6) black, 7) happy, 8) successful, 9) new, 10) interesting.

 

18. Укажите, к какой теме относятся  все три предложения:

1) I like every piece of it.

2) It's very popular now.

3) It was written by Benjamin Britten.

a) theatre

b) fine art

c) music

 

19. Поставьте предложения так,  чтобы получился связный рассказ:

 

1) Then it is decorated and put into a cool place for some time.

2) Then they are put into a pot.

3) First different fruits are taken.

4) It is served for dessert.

5) After that the salad is mixed.

6) They are carefully washed and cut into pieces.

7) Cream may also be added.

8) This is how a fruit salad is made.

 

20. Прочтите интервью и ответьте  на вопрос -  Is Mrs. Parker young or old?

 

Interviewer: Hello, Mrs. Parker. You look as young and beautiful as ever.

May I ask you a few questions, Mrs. Parker?

Mrs. Parker: Certainly. I am used to answering questions.

Int.: What time do you get up?

Mrs. P.: I usually get up at 6 o'clock. People of my age can't sleep long.

Int.: And when do you go to bed?

Mrs. P.: At 9 o'clock.

Int.: What was the last film you took part in?

Mrs. P.: Let me think... Well, I don't remember.

Int.: What do you usually do during the day?

Mrs. P.: I go out every day and walk with Philip.

Int.: Is Philip your husband?

Mrs. P.: No, it's my dog. We parted with my husband 5 years ago and I never married again.

Int.: Thank you, Mrs. Parker.

 

21. Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопрос - Who did the picture belong to?

One day the police found a gold ring, a picture and a coat in the car. They found out that those things belonged to a filmstar, a doctor and a businessman. The ring didn't belong to a doctor. The coat didn't belong to a businessman. The picture belonged to a woman. The filmstar didn't wear coats.

 

 

 

II  семестр

 

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ  ЗАДАНИЯ

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ   ЗАДАНИЕ  №  3

 

Лексические темы	Грамматические  темы
Scientists and their discoveries 1. Herman Helmholtz 2. Isaak Newton 3. Michael Faraday 4. M. V. Lomonosov 5. Dmitry Mendeleev	1. Passive Voice (Страдательный залог) 2. Функции инфинитива 3. Сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject) 4. Сложное дополнение (Complex Object)

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить  задание № 3, необходимо знать следующие  грамматические темы:

1. Passive Voice  (Страдательный залог)

Образование:        to be +   Participle II смыслового глагола

 

1. Present 2. Past 3. Future

am, is, are + asked was, were      asked will/shall be asked

Например:

1. I am asked (Меня спрашивают)/ He is asked (Его спрашивают)/ You are asked (Вас спрашивают)

2.  He was asked (Его спрашивали)/ You were asked (Вас спрашивали)

3.  I shall be asked (Меня спросят)/ He is asked (Его спросят)/ You will be asked (Вас спросят).

 

2. Функции инфинитива

Функция	Перевод
1. подлежащее: To read English books is useful. 2.дополнение: I like to read English books in the original. 3. часть составного сказуемого: Our aim is to master the English language. 4. определение: Here is the book to be read as soon as possible. 5. обстоятельство цели: He worked hard to master the English language.	Читать английские книги полезно.   Я люблю читать английские книги в подлиннике.   Наша цель – овладеть английским языком.   Вот книга, которую нужно прочитать как можно быстрее.   Он усердно  занимался для того, чтобы овладеть английским.

3. Complex Subject (Сложное подлежащее)

 

Структура предложения и перевод:

1          2         3    4

подлежащее в общем  падеже или местоимение

+

сказуемое в пассивном  залоге

+

инфинитив

+

второстепенные члены  предложения

 

He is said to know everything about this matter.

Говорят, что он знает все об этом деле.

 

He is supposed to be in his office now.

Предполагается, что он сейчас в офисе.

 

4. Complex Object (Сложное дополнение)

Конструкция употребляется с ограниченным числом глаголов: to believe, to consider, to know, to report, to say, to suppose, to think и др.

 

существительное в общем  падеже или местоимение в объективном  падеже

+

инфинитив

 

We consider him to be our greatest poet.

Мы считаем его нашим величайшим поэтом. / (или) Мы считаем, что он является нашим величайшим поэтом.

 

Вариант 1

 

1. Прочтите текст и  ответьте устно на следующие  вопросы:

1. What researches will Helmholtz be remembered for?

2. What did Helmholtz write in his first article about?

 

HERMAN HELMHOLTZ

 

1. Herman Helmholtz is famous for his contributions to physiology and theoretical physics. Although he wished to study physics, he was persuaded by his father to take up the study of medicine, entering the Medical Institute at Berlin in 1838.

2. His researches into physiological optics began about 1850 with the discovery of the ophthalmoscope (1851), followed by investigations into colour, including the problem of colour-blindness. He also made fundamental contribution to the understanding of the structure and mechanism of the human eye.

3. Helmholtz’s first, and most celebrated paper in theoretical physics was his article on the conservation of force. In this paper he proved the conservation of total energy of a system of particles which were interacting through central forces depending only on the masses and separations of the particles. Other important work in theoretical physics included the famous paper on vortex motion (1858), and the application of the principle of least action to electro dynamical problems.

4. Helmholtz was undoubtedly the most versatile of nineteenth-century scientists. From 1871 onwards he was perhaps more famous as a theoretical physicist than as a physiologist. But it seems probable that apart from his work on the conservation of energy he will ultimately be remembered more for his epoch-making researches in physiological optics and acoustics in which his talents as physiologist, physicist, mathematician and experimentalist of genius were most vividly displayed.

 

2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 3, 4.

 

3. Заполните пропуски соответствующей  активной или пассивной формой  глагола и переведите предложения  на русский язык:

1. Becquerel’s discovery (followed, was followed) by an intensive research work of Marie and Pierre Curie.

2. The intensity of this process (is influenced, influenced) by many factors.

3. Mendeleyev (created, is created) the system of classifying chemical elements.

 

4. Переведите предложения  на русский язык, обращая внимание  на инфинитивные обороты:

 

1. Herman Helmholtz is considered to be a famous scientist.

2. Many Russian scientists are known to contribute much into the science of electricity.

3. We found out his paper to be of great interest for our research.

 

5. Определите функции  инфинитива и переведите предложения на русский язык:

 

1. Herman Helmholtz made a lot of experiments to prove his theory.

2. The experiments to prove his theory were numerous.

3. To prove his theory Herman Helmholtz made a lot of experiments.

 

Вариант 2

 

1. Прочтите текст и ответьте устно на следующие вопросы:

1. What laws did Newton discover?

2. Can you formulate the Law of Universal gravitation?

 

ISAAK  NEWTON

 

1. Isaak Newton was born in 1642 in the family of a poor farmer. The boy began his first scientific experiments at school.

2. While studying at Cambridge University, Newton formulated the binomial theorem. In 1662 Cambridge was closed because of the plague and Newton returned to his native village. For the next two years he devoted himself to scientific experimentation.

3. Newton's great discovery was the law of decomposition of light. The scientist proved that the white light of the sun is composed of rays of light of all colours of the rainbow. He also discovered the Law of Universal Gravitation which states that “every particle of matter is attracted by every other particle of matter with a force inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart”.

4. Newton applied the principle of gravitation to prove that the power which guides the moon around the earth and the planets around the sun is the force of gravity. Another application of the law of universal gravitation was Newton's exploration of the tides.

5. Newton was highly honoured by his countrymen and in 1703 he was elected President of the Royal Society. Sir Isaak Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

 

2. Переведите в письменной форме  абзацы 3, 4.

 

3. Заполните пропуски соответствующей  активной или пассивной формой  глагола и переведите предложения  на русский язык:

1. Newton (was performed, performed) many experiments with light.

2. When Cambridge (was closed, closed) in 1662, Newton returned to his native village.