Упражнения по грамматике английского языка

a) not to be

b) not being

c) not be

 

3. Did you hear the chairman ___ an announcement?

a) to make

b) making

c) be made

 

4. When I was waiting in the hall, I saw a girl ___ with a file in her hand.

a) came out

b) to come out

c) come out

 

5. Nobody expected the president of the company___to the party.

a) coming

b) to come

     c) come

 

6. I saw him ____ round  the corner and ____.

a) turn, disappear

b) to turn, to disappear

c) turning, disappearing

7. She noticed the children____ behind the tree but pretended to see nothing.

a) hiding

b) to hide

c) to be hidden

 

8. I want his article ___in November.

a) to publish

b) to be published

c) publishing

 

9. He did not expect her ___ about it.

a) to be asked

b) ask

c) interrupt

 

 

 

The Verbals.

 

Ex. 1. Read and translate the following sentences into Russian. Analyze the use of the Verbals.

1. New discoveries and surgical procedures seemed to make us immune to death itself.
2. Looking back, we can see that optimism began to increase.
3. Needless X-rays were thought to promote cancer.
4. Even when done correctly, the medical approach to disease is incomplete.
5. Natural healing  means strengthening the body's immune system through nutritional and other natural means.
6. To ignore these factors is to forgo a more effective treatment.
7. The body must have sufficient vitality to recover from the trauma of intervention.
8. Some people reacting against what they see as overdoctoring have rejected the technological approach almost completely.
9. They've returned to the 19^th c. relying on herbs, untested diets to treat all illness.
10. There's no need to reject all of modern medicine.
11. Today we are in the position of being able to take advantage of the best medical care and natural healing techniques.
12. By using both approaches, dictated by good sense we can enjoy the best of the two of them.

 

GERUND

 

Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Define the function of the Gerunds.

 

1. Reading books is useful.
2. I like reading
3. He insisted on taking part in the conference.
4. On coming home he always has a rest.
5. The author reports having applied a new method.
6. Excuse my coming late.
7. I am surprised at his being awarded the prize.
8. Carrying out experiments is a must with every scientist.
9. Would you mind showing one more slide?
10. Would you mind my showing some slides to you.
11. He could not help joining the discussion.
12. There is one more point worth mentioning.
13. It is no use searching for another approach.
14. It is no good arguing about this issue.
15. The motor went on running.
16. We cannot help acknowledging the importance of this statement.
17. Would you mind answering one more question.
18. In spite of his words I could not help feeling excited.
19. It seems to me the case is not worth mentioning.
20. Go on demonstrating your slides.
21. Avoid mixing these two substances.
22. This paper is worth reading.
23. I can't help regretting it.
24. He had to give up experimenting.
25. Let us try heating several metals.
26. Excuse my interrupting you.
27. He regrets having interrupted you.
28. He does not like asking questions.
29. He does not like being asked questions.
30. He liked your asking questions.
31. He reports having observed a new star.
32. The authors report having solved the problem.
33. I think of trying another approach.
34. He succeeded in obtaining reliable results.
35. He is fond of reading.
36. He is fond of being read to.
37. He is fond of your reading.
38. He objected to sending them an invitation to the conference.
39. They insisted on being sent to the conference.
40. In making observations extreme care to avoid errors is necessary.
41. The device has the merit of being suitable for many purposes.
42. There is no necessity of making any corrections.
43. The possibility of man being able to reach the moon was seriously discussed at that time.
44. There is some reason for questioning this assumption.

 

 

 

Exercise 2. Use the required form of the gerund and insert prepositions where necessary.

 

1. Good-bye, and thank you ever so much … (to come) with me.
2. She was afraid … (to go) on public transport.
3. She began to have frightful pains all over her, and she held her breath to prevent herself … (to cry) out and (to wake) her mother.
4. She had the local habit … (to place) the word “eh” at the end of her remarks, questions and answers.
5. His mother would not like the idea … (to eat) fruit unwashed.
6. “I seems to me an awfully selfish way … (to look) at things”, said Philip.
7. “I don’t see the use … (to read) the same thing over and over again”, said Philip.
8. That child needs … (to take) care of.
9. Jane, your nose wants … (to blow).
10. Did he suspect her … (to see) him enter the room?
11. “I’m not very good … (to guess)”, I said, with a laugh.
12. I don’t like … (to wear) a black tie to movies. I enjoy … (to see) my movies when I eat popcorn.

 

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences into English.

 

Эту книгу стоит прочесть

Эту выставку стоит посетить.

Эту еду стоит попробовать.

Вы не возражаете если я выключу телевизор? – Нет.

Она не возражает если мы пойдем на ярмарку?

Вы не возражаете если мы попробуем ваше печенье?

Они не возражают если я открою окно?

Я не могу не пригласить вас на ярмарку.

Он не может не рассказать эту историю.

Нельзя было не рассмеяться  при виде лорда Б., переодетого  в женское платье.

Я настаиваю на том, чтобы  пойти туда сейчас.

Этого нельзя избежать.

Никто не рискнул задать этот вопрос.

Какой смысл делать это?

Этот факт нельзя отрицать.

Мы против того чтобы упоминать  этот факт.

Об этом не стоит спорить.

Нам надо выслушивать твои жалобы.

Я не привык спать днем.

Он не привык чтобы с ним так  обращались.

 

Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences into English, use them in situations of your own.

 

Извините что я вас  прерываю.

Будьте любезны, дайте  мне…

Вы не возражаете если я буду читать здесь?

Я не могу не рассказать вам эту историю.

Я боюсь туда идти.

Ей это удалось.

С нетерпением жду  вас.

Туда стоит съездить.

 

Ex. 2. Use the Gerund instead of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.

 

Thank you for I'm thinking of It's worth I'm (not) used to There's no use in I'm looking forward to I didn't succeed in What's the use of I can't help I'm tired of I rely on The doctor is sure of He gave up He suggested The patient needs

to call in the doctor to suffer from a pain to keep the temperature down to examine to operate to sneeze, to cough to make an appointment with the doctor to see a doctor to improve in fitness to gain in physical fitness to take more exercise to reject scientific medicine to recover in short order to diagnose the case to prevent the return of disease to use untested diets to x-ray

Ex. 3. Use the Gerund instead of the Infinitive and translate each sentence into Russian.

Example. Peter has given up (to smoke).

Peter has given up smoking.

1. Philip has finished (to pack). 2. We all enjoy (to travel). 3. This door needs (to paint). 4. My transistor wants (to fix). 5. Will you please go on (to play the piano)? 6. I don't mind your (to do this work). 7. Nick is sure of his (to come here in time). 8. Thanks for (to bring the book). 9. Are you fond of (to watch TV)? 10. We look forward to (to see you soon). 11. We were all pleased with her (to sing). 12. I can't help (to laugh at his jokes). 13. It's no good (to look for it now). 14. It's worth (to see this play). 15. There's no use (to worry about these things).

 

Ex. 4. Combine the sentences using the Gerund.

Example. Post a letter. First stick a stamp on the envelope.

Before posting a letter stick a stamp on the envelope.

1. Get on .the train. First buy a ticket. 2. Make a conclusion. First explore the problem carefully. 3. Enter the office building. Show your pass. 4. Buy a suit. First try it on.

 

Ex. 5. Make up sentences using the Gerund.

E x a m p 1 e . He wrote some letters and then went out.

After writing some letters he went out.

1. She laid the table and then brought in the tea. 2. The boys lay on the beach and then had a swim. 3. We visited the museum and then went to a tea-shop. 4. He packed and then went to the airport.

 

Ex. 6. Practise in using the Gerund. Compose flashes of conversation according to the model. Work in pair.

e x a m p l e 1. Somebody invited you to a party.

A. Thank you very much for inviting me to the party.

B. It's so nice you could come. (You're welcome.)

1. Somebody assisted you with your English. 2. Somebody helped you to arrange a visit. 3. Somebody treated you with sympathy when you were in trouble. 4. Somebody let you know about a press-conference.

E x a m p l e 2. A. You are late.

B. Excuse my being late. (Excuse me for being late.)

1. You've missed the speaker's point. 2. You've interrupted a person. 3. You didn't follow the teacher's explanations. 4. You ask someone an embarrassing question.

E x a m p l e 3. you can make a living by (to write, to paint, to teach, etc.).

You can make a living by writing (by teaching, by painting, etc.)

 

1. you can keep healthy and fit (to walk much, to consult the doctor regularly, to diet, to go in for sports, etc.); 2. a person can enjoy (to read, to go to concerts, to visit museums, to collect stamps, etc.); 3. you are good (not good) at (to play tennis, to learn foreign languages, to swim, to play chess, etc.)

 

Ex. 7. Insert prepositions in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. How many people today indulge … smoking?
2. There's not much sense … refraining … smoking if you live in a big city.
3. Thank you … calling in the doctor.
4. Many people rely … herbs and unscientific procedure to treat all illness.
5. There is no need … rejecting all of modern medicine.
6. … using both approaches we can enjoy the best of two worlds.
7. I'm surprised … his quick recovery.
8. The doctor is sure … presenting the return of disease.
9. Doctor didn't succeed … diagnosing the case.
10. I'm thinking … taking more exercise to improve in fitness.
11. I'm tired … sneezing and coughing all the time.
12. A sick man is looking forward … gaining in physical fitness.
13. My son is used … taking more strenuous activity.
14. But for his disease he would never gave … smoking.

 

The Participle

 

Exercise 1. Translate what is given in brackets using:

 

a) Participle I (active, non-perfect) in attributive phrases where possible.

1. We came up to the man (состоявшему на углу) and asked him the way.
2. Go to the corner and ask the militiaman (стоящего там) to show you the way.
3. The man (стоящий у расписания) was our teacher last year.
4. Did you see in what direction the man (стоящий здесь) went?
5. He wants to write a book (которая бы подытожила) his impressions of the trip.
6. A new power plant is to be built here in two years (которая будет снабжать электричеством) a number of industrial regions.
7. The people (ожидающие доктора) have been sitting here gor a long time.
8. The people  (ожидавшие вас) have just gone.

 

b) Participle I (active, perfect or non-perfect) in adverbial phrases.

 

1. (Рассказав все, что он знал) the witness left the box.
2. (Постучав дважды и не получив ответа) he decided that there was nobody in.
3. (Толкнув дверь) he  felt that it was not locked, and (открыв ее) he looked inside.
4. (тихо закрыв за собой дверь) he tiptoed into the room.
5. Each time (рассказывая об этом случае) he could not help a smile.
6. (Приехав в гостиницу) she found a telegram awaiting her.
7. (Приехав сюда) only a few years before he knew those parts as if he had always lived there.
8. We took a trip in a motor-launch down the river and spent the whole day on the water, (приехав обратно) where it was dark.
9. I felt very tired (проработав целый день) in the sun.
10. (Опустив монету и подняв трубку) he began todial the number.
11. (Уронив монету на пол) he did not care to look for it in the darkness and took another one.

 

c) Participle I (passive, perfect or non-perfect) in attributive or adverbial phrases where possible.

1. The conference (проходящая сейчас) at the University is  devoted to problems of nuclear physics.
2. Unable to attend the conference (проходившую тогда) at the University, we asked to be sent the type-written reports.
3. They are now at a conference (которая проходит) at the University.
4. They stood (у заправлявшейся  машины) and watched the meter.
5. The sight of (накрываемого стола) made my mouth water.
6. Suddenly I heard a sound of a  key (поворачиваемого) in the lock.
7. (Когда их поставили в воду) the flowers opened their petals.
8. The flowers faded (так как их долгое время держали без воды).

 

Exercise 2. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of Participle I.

 

1. (to reject) by the editorial board, the story was returned to the author for revision.
2. (to reject) by publishers several times, the story was accepted by a weekly magazine.
3. (to wait) for some time in the reception room, he was asked into the office
4. (to wait) in the reception room, he thought over what he would say when asked into the office.
5. They reached the peak at dusk, (to leave) their camp with the first light.
6. They put up for the night at a temporary camp, (to leave) it at dawn.
7. The friends went out into the city (to leave) their cases at the left luggage department.
8. (to write) and (to leave) a note with the porter, he said he would be back in a half-hour.
9. (to write) in an archaic language, the book was difficult to read.
10. (to write) his first book, he could not go far beyond his own experience.
11. (to be) away so long he was happy to be coming back.
12. (to be) so far away he still felt himself part of his community.
13. The children looked wonderingly at the elephant, never (to see) such a huge animal.
14. Not (to want) to go deeper into the matter, he abruptly changed the conversation.

 

Exercise 3. Translate the Russian participles in brackets by Participle II where possible.

 

1. The number of apartment houses (стоящихся) for the population of Moscow is rapidly growing.
2. What is the number of apartment houses (построенных) in the past few years?
3. The houses (построенных) many years ago are not as convenient as the modern ones.
4. The workers (строившие) this  house used new construction methods.
5. At the conference they discussed new methods (применяемые) in building.
6. The new methods (примененные) in the building of houses proved more effective.
7. They decided to abandon some of the methods (применявшихся) formerly in building.
8. The bricklayer (применивший) a new method in building made a report at the conference.
9. Here are some samples of the products of this plant (посылаемые) to different past of the county.
10. These are the samples of products (посланных) last month.
11. Here are the samples of products of the plants (посылающих) us machinery.
12. There are the samples of products (посылавшихся) before the restoration of the plant.

 

Exercise 4. Translate into English using participles where possible.

 

1. Оставив вещи в камере хранения,  мы пошли осматривать  город.
2. Оставляя пальто в гардеробе, вы получаете номер.
3. Человек, оставивший свой чемодан в вестибюле, прошел к  администратору.
4. Пассажиры, оставляющие свои вещи в камере хранения, получают квитанцию.
5. Вещи, оставляемые в  камере хранения, сохраняются там двадцать дней.
6. Вещи, оставленные в трамвае, могут быть  получены в любое время на станции у дежурного.
7. Оставшись один, он начал распаковывать вещи.
8. Я не мог переодеться, так как оставил вещи на  вокзале.
9. Мы пробыли весь день в городе и ухали вечером.
10. Купив билеты и оставив вещи на вокзале, мы решили навестить друзей.

 

Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with Participle II or Participle I (passive) of the verbs in brackets.

 

1. a) The monument … on this square has been recently unveiled.   b) The monument … on this square will be soon unveiled. (to erect).
2. a) We could hear the noise of furniture … upstairs. b) For a moment they sat silent … by the story. (to move).
3. a) I cannot forget the story … by him. b) They listened breathlessly to the story … by the old man. (to tell).
4. a) One can’t fail to notice the progress … by our group during the last term. b) These are only a few of the attempts now … to improve the methods of teaching adult students. (to make).
5. a) We live at a time of outer space…by man. b) “I wish I could live to see outer space … by man,” said the old professor. (to conquer).

 

Exercise 6. Arrange the words in brackets so as to show that either the action has been done by the doer himself, or the doer has caused it to be done by someone else. Learn the dialogue and act it out.