Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 18 Января 2012 в 08:44, контрольная работа
ЛЕКСИКА
I . Укажите пары слов, близких по значению.
III . Укажите абзац, в котором вы найдете ответ на вопрос:
What kind of research system is psychology?
IV . Ответьте на вопросы. Если в тексте нет ответа, поставьте – .
1. What approaches to psychology are considered in the text?
2. What is the basic problem for behaviorists? , the basic problem is to find out how man behaves or responds as a result of changes or improvements in the environment or stimuli.
3. How is behaviorism often referred to? Behaviorism is often referred to as stimulus-response or S-Rpsychology.
4. What does a person’s mental health depend on according to S. Freud? mental health depend on the actions of three major forces: the id – our unconscious instincts, the ego – our conscious self or intellect, and superego – the conditional reflexes of social rules and internalized values
5. When did the humanistic school appear?
6. Did humanists believe that unconscious forces were more important than conscious? Yes, they did.
V . Расположите данные пункты плана в последовательности, соответствующей содержанию текста.
A. The humanistic school. B
B. Psychoanalysis.
C. Present-day psychology.
D. Behaviorism.
VI . Озаглавьте текст.
The different views of psychological
theories.
VII . Переведите письменно 2-й и 3-й абзацы.
2. The view that behaviour should be the sole subject-matter of psychology was first advanced by the American psychologist John B. Watson in the early 1900s. He believed that, although man may be at times an active agent in his own development and behaviour, he is still basically what his environment makes him. Therefore, the basic problem is to find out how man behaves or responds as a result of changes or improvements in the environment or stimuli. This approach is often referred to as stimulus-response or S-R psychology.
3. Another approach to the study of man is psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud. Freud concluded that personality and our degrees of mental health depend on the actions of three major forces: the id – our unconscious instincts, the ego – our conscious self or intellect, and superego – the conditional reflexes of social rules and internalized values. The ego, or self, is often under strain to withstand the pleasure forces from the id, pressured by reality forces of environment and the moral forces of our upbringing (superego). The ego and the superego are mere tips of the id. It is what is underneath that really counts.
2. Взгляд на
то, что поведение должно быть
единственным предметом
3. Другая точка
зрения – это изучение
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