Контрольная работа по "Английскому языку"

 

I Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

 

What is a Manager?

 

Management demands much knowledge of economics and business. General functions of any managerial system at any managerial level are planning, organizing, directing and controlling. Managers are those people who are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within the system, they directly supervise people in an organization. A manager sets objectives and decides what has to be done to reach these objectives. He makes the objectives effective by communicating them to the people that are responsible for various jobs.

Some basic characteristics seem to apple to managers in all types of organizations; they include hard work on a variety of activities, preference for active tasks, direct personal relationships. Managing is a hard job, for these is a lot of to be done and relatively little time to do it.

A number of different terms are used for ″manager″  including ″director″, ″administrator″ and ″president″. The term ″manager″ is used more frequently in profit-making organizations, while the others are used more widely in government and non-profit organizations such as universities, hospitals and social work agencies.

When used collectively the term ″management″  refers to those people who are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within the system.

As a rule a private company has only one director. A public company must have at least two directors. A corporation is headed by board of directors elected by shareholders. The directors appoint one of them to the position of managing director who is responsible for day-to-day running of the company. Some companies also have assistant general managers. Many directors have also deputies. Big companies have many managers heading departments. They are responsible to the managing director. There can be following department managers: chief manager, sales manager, marketing manager, industrial engineering manager, etc. Career opportunities in management are generally found in three areas: managing people, marketing management and financial management.

 

 

Кто такой менеджер?

 

Менеджмент требует много знаний экономики и бизнеса. Общие функции любой управленческой системы на любом административном уровне: планирование, организация, управление и контроль. Менеджеры – это те люди, которые несут ответственность за принятие и выполнение решений в системе, именно они руководят людьми в организации. Менеджер ставит цели и решает, что должно быть сделано для их достижения. Он доносит цели до людей, которые ответственны за различную работу, благодаря чему они достигаются.

Можно выделить несколько основных характеристик  применимых к менеджерам различных  организаций; они включают в себя усердную работу в различных делах, предпочтение отдается творческим задачам,  личностным отношениям. Управление –  это тяжелая работа, поскольку сделать нужно многое, а времени на это очень мало.

Используется  несколько терминов для обозначения  понятия ″менеджер″: директор, администратор, президент. Термин ″менеджер″ используется намного чаще в коммерческих организациях, в то время как остальные получили более широкое распространение в правительстве и некоммерческих организациях, таких как университеты, больницы и социальные агентства.

В широком смысле понятие ″менеджмент″ относят к  людям, которые ответственны за принятие и выполнение решений внутри системы.

Как правило, в  частной компании только один директор. В государственной организации  должно быть, по крайней мере, два  директора. Корпорация возглавляется  советом директоров, которые избираются акционерами. Директора назначают  одного на пост управляющего директора, который отвечает за повседневное управление компанией. У некоторых компаний есть помощники менеджеров. У многих директоров также есть заместители. В больших компаниях много менеджеров, возглавляющих отделы. Они подчиняются управляющему директору. Можно выделить следующих менеджеров отделов: главный бухгалтер, менеджер по продажам,  менеджер по маркетингу, начальник производственно-технического отдела и т.д. Карьерные возможности в сфере управления, как правило, находятся в трех областях: управление людьми, маркетинговый менеджмент, управление финансами.

 

 

 

II Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты к следующим словам и

словосочетаниям:

 

1) знание экономики и бизнеса;

2) управленческая система;

3) ответственный за принятие и выполнение решений;

4) руководить людьми в организации;

5) ставить цели;

6) путем донесения их (целей) до людей;

7) предпочтение творческим задачам;

8) коммерческие организации;

9) некоммерческие организации;

10) в то время как другие более широко используются;

11) возглавляется советом директоров;

12) назначать на должность;

13) отвечать за повседневное управление компанией;

14) менеджеры, возглавляющие отделы.

 

 

1. knowledge of economics and business;
2. managerial system;
3. responsible for making and carrying out decisions;
4. supervise people in an organization;
5. set objectives;
6. by communicating them to the people;
7. preference for active tasks;
8. profit-making organizations;
9. non-profit organizations;
10. while the others are used more widely ;
11. is headed by board of directors;
12. appoint to the position;
13. be responsible for day-to-day running of the company;
14. managers heading departments.

 

 

III Ответьте на следующие вопросы по содержанию текста:

 

1. What are managers responsible for?
2. What terms are used for ″manager″ in non-profit organizations?
3. Who heads corporations?
4. In what areas are career opportunities in management generally found?

 

 

1. Managers are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within the system. They supervise people in an organization. They set objectives and decide what has to be done to reach these objectives.
2. In non-profit organizations ″director″, ″administrator″ and ″president″ are used for the term ″manager″.
3. A corporation is headed by board of directors elected by shareholders.
4. Career opportunities in management  are generally found in three areas: managing people, marketing management and financial management.

 

 

IV Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на страдательный залог.

 

1. The post is delivered every morning.
2. The room has been reserved for you at the Grand Hotel.
3. What is made at this factory?
4. The consignment was sent last week.
5. Where will the talks be held?
6. The pumps are still being tested.
7. By five o′clock the experiment had already been completed.
8. The terms of the contract are to be discussed by 5 o′clock.

 

 

1. Почту приносят каждое утро.
2. В Гранд отеле для Вас была зарезервирована комната.
3. Что производят на этом заводе?
4. Груз был отправлен на прошлой неделе.
5. Где будут проводиться переговоры?
6. Насосы все еще тестируют.
7. Эксперимент был окончен уже к пяти часам.
8. Условия контракта должны быть оговорены к 5 часам.

 

V Преобразуйте предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

 

1. We have just clarified the matter.
2. They are arranging the exhibition of your goods now.
3. Our company exports the Model A pumps to many countries.
4. Last week the manager invited the inspectors to the plant.
5. When I entered the office the engineers were still studying the contract form of Blake and Co.
6. We can pay you in advance if you want.

7.  How many offers did they place with our factory last year?

8.   When will you sign the contract with Brown and Co?

 

1. The matter has just been clarified.
2. The exhibition of your goods is being arranged now.
3. The Model A pumps are exported by our company to many countries.
4. Last week the inspectors were invited by the manager to the plant.
5. When I entered the office the contract form of Blake and Co was still being studied by the engineers.
6. If you want you can be paid in advance.
7. How many offers were placed with our factory last year?
8. When will the contract with Brown and Co be signed?

 

 

VI Преобразуйте предложения из страдательного залога в действительный.

 

1. The catalogue is being looked through by our manager now.

2. He has not been appointed to this position by the President.

3. Where are the documents kept by you?

  4. The meeting will be held by our management in a week.

5. The agenda was approved by the Company Secretary yesterday.

6. The letter must be sent by the Sales Manager to the customer as soon as possible.

7. When can the exhibition be held by the company?

8. The visa is usually applied for by Mr. Crain′s assistant.

 

 

1. Our manager is looking through the catalogue now.
2. The President has not appointed him to this position.
3. Where do you keep the documents?
4. Our management will held the meeting in a week.
5. The Company Secretary approved the agenda yesterday.
6. The Sales Manager must send the letter to the customer as soon as possible.
7. When can the company held the exhibition?
8. Mr. Crain′s assistant usually applies for the visa.

 

 

VII Переведите письменно предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитив в страдательном залоге.

 

    1. Предложение может быть отправлено через неделю.

    2. Письмо должно быть напечатано к вечеру.

    3. Аккредитив должен быть открыт на полную стоимость товара.

    4. Когда должны быть проведены испытания машин?

    5. Строительство завода должно быть завершено к концу года.

    6. Контракт  не может быть подписан без  согласия директора.

 

 

1. The offer can be sent in a week.

2. The letter are to be typed by the evening.

3. The letter of credit must be opened for the full price of the good. 

4. When are the cars to be tested?

5. The building of the factory are to be completed by the end of the year.

6. The contract can not be signed without the manager′s agreement.

 

  VIII Поставьте глаголы в The Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

 

1. Ann (to look) for a job for 6 months.

2. The secretary (to type) since 9 o′clock.

3. Mr. Smith (to work) for this company since last year.

4. He (to speak) on the phone for half an hour.

5. How long they (to manufacture) this equipment?

6. They (not to export) this product for 3 years by now.

 

 

1. Ann has been looking for a job for 6 months.

2. The secretary has been typing since 9 o′clock.

3. Mr. Smith has been working for this company since last year.

4. He has been speaking on the phone for half an hour.

5. How long have they been manufacturing this equipment?

6. They have not been exporting this product for 3 years by now.

 

 

IX Дополните предложения, используя The Past Perfect Tense.

 

1. Mr. Blake contacted our company after, he …

2. Before we made an appointment with the manager of the company, we …

3. Before Mr. Petrov went on business to Great Britain, he …

4. When I came to the office, the manager …

5. Before I telephoned the secretary, I …

6. Our Sales Manager applied for a visa after our partners …

 

 

1. Mr. Blake contacted our company after, he had decided to buy a car.

2. Before we made an appointment with the manager of the company, we had looked through the contract.

3. Before Mr. Petrov went on business to Great Britain, he had signed a contract with a big company.

4. When I came to the office, the manager had already been there.

5. Before I telephoned the secretary, I had known the telephon number of the company.

6. Our Sales Manager applied for a visa after our partners had invited him to the main office in London.

 

 

X Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужном времени и залоге. 

 

1. – Where (to be) the contract? – It (to type) now. It (to bring) in a few minutes.
2. Trucks and tractors (to produce) at this plant.
3. Mr. Borisov knew that the plant (to produce) pumps for different applications.
4. Mr. Brown asked if the Sellers already (to test) the equipment.
5. New features (to develop) in our machines not long ago, and now they quite satisfy market demand.
6. You (to be, to open) a L/C after you (to receive) our notification of readiness.
7. You ever (to visit) a plant?
8. We hope that our friend (to be able) to come to the station on time.

1. - Where is the contract? – It is being typed now. It will be brought in a few minutes.

2. Trucks and tractors are produced at this plant.

3. Mr. Borisov knew that the plant producer pumps for different applications.

4. Mr. Brown asked if the Sellers has already tested the equipment.

5. New features were developed in our machines not long ago, and now they quite satisfy market demand.

6. You were to open a L/C after you had been received our notification of readiness.

7. Have you ever risit a plant?

8. We hope that our friend will be able to come to the station on time.

 

 

XI Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение модального глагола should.

 

1. If you want to stay at the Belarus Hotel you should reserve accommodation in advance.

2. You should invite the businessmen to our Opera and Ballet Theatre. The performances are very good there.

3. You should have made a contract with Brown and Co. They offered very good terms of payment.

4. They should have visited the exhibition of electronic equipment. It was very interesting.

5. He should fly to London to finalize all the points of the contract.

6. We should have investigated the problem before discussing it with our partners.

 

 

1. Если вы хотите остановиться в отеле ″Беларусь″, вам следует забронировать номер заранее.